Who Uses Google’s DNS?

Much has been said about how Google uses the services they provide, including their mail service, their office productivity tools, file storage and similar services, as a means of gathering an accurate profile of each individual user of their services. The company has made a very successful business out of…


IP Addresses and Traceback

This is an informal description the evolution of a particular area of network forensic activity, namely that of traceback. This activity typically involves using data recorded at one end of a network transaction, and using various logs and registration records to identify the other party to the transaction. Here we’ll…


Dotless

It was never obvious at the outset of this grand Internet experiment that the one aspect of the network’s infrastructure that would truly prove to be the most fascinating, intriguing, painful, lucrative and just plain confusing, would be the Internet’s Domain Name System.


The Big Bad Internet

I often think there are only two types of stories about the Internet. One is a continuing story of prodigious technology that continues to shrink in physical size and at the same time continue to dazzle and amaze us. We’ve managed to get the cost and form factor of computers…


Valuing IP Addresses

The prospect of exhaustion of the IPv4 address space is not a surprise. We’ve been anticipating this situation since at least 1990. But it’s a “lumpy” form of exhaustion. It’s not the case that the scarcity pressures for IP addresses are evidently to the same level in every part of…


Updating the Predictions of Exhaustion

It’s time I updated the IPv4 Address Report. For ARIN and LACNIC the time when the registry reaches into its collection of available IPv4 addresses and comes out empty handed is getting closer, and its time to sharpen up the modelling about exhaustion.


All IP Addresses are not the Same

One IP address is much the same as another – right? There’s hardly a difference between 192.0.2.45 and 192.0.2.46 is there? They are just encoded integer values, and aside from numerological considerations, one address value is as good or bad as any other – right? So IP addresses are much…


A Question of DNS Protocols

One of the most prominent denial of service attacks in recent months was one that occurred in March 2013 between Cloudflare and Spamhaus. How did the attackers generate such massive volumes of attack traffic? The answer lies in the Domain Name System (DNS). The attackers asked about domain names, and…


When?

At the April 2013 ARIN meeting the inevitable question came up once more: “Exactly when is ARIN going to run out of IPv4 addresses?” Various dates have been proposed as an answer to this question, based on various methods of prediction. As the date is indeed getting closer, it may…


DNS, DNSSEC and Google’s Public DNS Service

For some time now we’ve been tracking the progress of the deployment of DNSSEC in the Internet. Its been a story of an evolution of the measurement technique, starting with a technique that attempted to guess at the behaviour of resolvers, through to techniques that explicitly pose novel DNS names…